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respectively. The simulation results show that the annual energy requirement of the casestudy building based on the principles of sustainable design and passive architecture(Trombe wall, optimum direction, shading and proper insulation) was equal to 17,767 kWh/year. As mentioned, taking into account the safety factor of 1.4, energy consumption wasestimated to be 24,874 kWh/year and proportionally, a renewable energy system using solarpanels was designed for the building with a production capacity of 26,291 kWh/year. Byadaptive comparison of these values, it can be concluded that constructing a ZEB in the coldand semi-arid climate of Mashhad is feasible. Observing the principles of sustained andpassive architecture reduced energy consumption by 30% in the building under study.Decreasing this rate was from 25,443 kWh/year to 17,767 kWh/year, which is considered aneffective step to achieve sustainable and environmentally-friendly construction. A summaryof the key findings of this study is provided belo Optimization of building orientation. Significant reduction of building energy consumption by complying with theprinciples of sustainable design. Achieving ZEB at a minimum cost by considering the principles of passive design. Possibility of using the ZEB in the cold and semi-arid climate.In designing buildings with zero energy, in addition to environmental aspects such asreducing energy consumption, economic and socio-cultural aspects should also beconsidered. The high potential of solar energy in Iran to diversify the energy basket andcreate a platform for the development and promotion of renewable energy provides thepossibility of exploiting this endless resource.ReferencesAlbadry, S., Tarabieh, K. and Sewilam, H. (2017), %u201cAchieving net zero-energy buildings throughretrofitting existing residential buildings using PV panels%u201d, Energy Procedia, Vol. 115,pp. 195-204, doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.018.Al-Saadi, S.N. and Shaaban, A.K. (2019), %u201cZero energy building (ZEB) in a cooling dominated climate ofOman: design and energy performance analysis%u201d, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Vol. 112 No. May, pp. 299-316, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.049.Al-Saeed, Y.W., Ahmed, A. and P%u00e4rn, E.A. (2020), %u201cAn 80-year projection of nZEB strategies in extremeclimatic conditions of Iraq%u201d, International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, Vol. 38No. 3, pp. 472-492, doi: 10.1108/IJBPA-02-2019-0014.Amani, N. (2017), %u201cEnergy efficiency using the simulation software of atrium thermal environmentin residential building: a case study%u201d, Advances in Building Energy Research, Vol. 13 No. 1,pp. 65-79, doi: 10.1080/17512549.2017.1354781.Amani, N. (2018), %u201cBuilding energy conservation in atrium spaces based on ECOTECT simulationsoftware in hot summer and cold winter zone in Iran%u201d, International Journal of Energy SectorManagement, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 298-313, doi: 10.1108/IJESM-05-2016-0003.Amani, N. and Reza Soroush, A.A. (2020), %u201cEffective energy consumption parameters in residentialbuildings using building information modeling%u201d, Global Journal of Environmental Science andManagement (GJESM), Vol. 6 No. 4, pp. 467-480, doi: 10.22034/gjesm.2020.04.04.Arbabiyan, H. (2001), %u201cEnergy consumption efficiency in buildings%u201d, Proceedings of 3th EnergyNational Conference, Tehran, (In Persian), available at: https://civilica.com/doc/17950Cellura, M., Guarino, F., Longo, S. and Mistretta, M. (2015), %u201cDifferent energy balances for the redesignof nearly net zero energy buildings: an Italian case study%u201d, Renewable and Sustainable EnergyReviews, Vol. 45, pp. 100-112, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.01.048.Zero-energyresidentialbuilding